Major Economic Indicators
| Economic Indicators |
2010 |
Jan - Nov 2011 |
| Value |
Growth
(%, y-o-y) |
Value |
Growth
(%, y-o-y) |
| Gross Domestic Product (RMB bn) |
922.4 |
17.4 1 |
800.6 3 |
16.5 1 |
| Per Capita GDP |
72,994 |
11.7 1 |
|
|
| Added Value Output |
|
|
|
|
| - Primary industry (RMB bn) |
14.6 |
3.3 1 |
9.9 3 |
3.9 1 |
| - Secondary industry (RMB bn) |
484.0 |
20.2 1 |
440.6 3 |
18.5 1 |
| - Tertiary industry (RMB bn) |
423.9 |
14.2 1 |
350.1 3 |
14.6 1 |
| Value-added Industrial Output 2 (RMB bn) |
441.0 |
20.8 1 |
|
21.2 1 |
| Fixed-assets Investment (RMB bn) |
651.1 |
30.1 |
641.2 |
29.5 |
| Retail Sales (RMB bn) |
290.3 |
19.4 |
282.0 4 |
18.7 |
| Inflation (Consumer Price Index, %) |
|
3.5 |
|
4.9 |
| Exports (US$ bn) |
37.5 |
25.5 |
40.5 |
19.3 |
| - By FIEs (US$ bn) |
26.5 |
22.2 |
28.2 |
16.7 |
| Imports (US$ bn) |
44.7 |
31.7 |
53.3 |
32.6 |
| - By FIEs (US$ bn) |
32.4 |
39.7 |
36.7 |
25.0 |
| Utilized Foreign Direct Investment(US$ bn) |
10.8 |
20.3 |
10.3 4 |
21.3 |
Notes: 1 In real terms 2 For all state-owned enterprises and other forms with annual sales over RMB 5 million
3 Q1-Q3 2011 4 Jan-Oct 2011
Sources: Tianjin Statistical Yearbook 2011, China’s Customs Statistics 12.2010 and 11.2011
General Background
Tianjin has a total area of 11,917 square kilometers. Total population stood at 12.9 million in 2010.
Tianjin is one of the four autonomous municipalities（直轄市）along with Beijing, Shanghai and Chongqing, and is an integral part of the Bohai Bay Economic Zone（環渤海經濟區）, which is one of the three biggest economic zones in China. With a view to strengthening Tianjin’s position as the economic center of the Bohai Bay region, priority has been given to the development of the Binhai New Area. Preferential policies, including the establishment of a free trade zone and pilot reforms in the financial sector, have been given by the State Council to support the development of the Binhai New Area.
Tianjin has undergone rapid development in recent years due to rapid growth in infrastructure and other fixed asset investments. Per capita GDP amounted to RMB 72,994 in 2009.
Tianjin port, as the largest comprehensive and commercial port in North China, provides services to 300 ports in more than 170 countries and regions all over the world. It handled 413 million tons of freight (10.1 million TEUs) in 2010. Tianjin International Airport is a major cargo freight center in China. The city is well connected to other major cities by dozens of railroads and expressways. Tianjin is the region’s largest financial center.
Industries
Being the cradle of China’s modern mechanic industry and textile industry, Tianjin is an important industrial center in China.
Composition of GDP (%)
| |
2000 |
2010 |
| Primary |
4.3 |
1.6 |
| Secondary |
50.8 |
52.4 |
| Industry |
46.2 |
47.8 |
| Tertiary |
44.9 |
46.0 |
Source: Tianjin Statistical Yearbook 2011
Tianjin’s industrial development owes much to the rapid growth of high and new tech industry—electronics and information technology in particular. In 2010, the gross output value of high and new tech industry was RMB478.2 billion (+22%), representing about 30% of Tianjin’s gross industrial output.
Gross Output Share of hi & new tech industry (2010)
| |
% of the total
industrial output |
| Electronics information |
11.6 |
| Photoelectric mechanical electron incorporated |
9.4 |
| New materials |
3.2 |
| Biotechnology and Modern Pharmaceutical Industry |
2.0 |
| New energy sources and Environment Protection |
1.0 |
Source: Tianjin Statistical Yearbook 2011
Meanwhile, a lot of hi-tech enterprises, such as GMCC（環球磁卡）, Jinyao Group（金耀集團）, Nankai Guard Group（南開戈德集團）and Tasly Group（天士力集團）have become very competitive.
Foreign enterprises (FIEs) including those from Hong Kong and Taiwan have contributed greatly to Tianjin’s industry growth, particularly in high and new tech industry. In 2010, FIEs’ industrial output value grew by 29.3% to RMB705 billion, accounting for 42% of the total industrial output, and its share in high and new tech industry was 75%.
In 2010，output value of heavy industry increased by 33.1% to RMB1,431 billion, accounting for 84% of the total industrial output. Large and medium-sized enterprises accounted for 75% of the total output.
Tianjin’s service sector develops rapidly. In 2010, wholesale and retail trades, transportation and storage, finance, real estate were the four largest service industries, accounting for 25.7%, 13.8%, 13.5% and 8.9% of the total added value in service sector respectively.
Tourism
Various tourist routes such as visiting former residence of celebrities（名人故居游）, famous street travel（名街休閒遊）, Xiqing Folk Custom travel（西青民俗游）and Binhai New Area travel（濱海風情遊）have been launched in Tianjin.
| |
2010 |
% change |
| Number of overseas tourist (thousand) |
1,661 |
17.8 |
| Foreign exchange income (US$ mn) |
1,420 |
20.0 |
Source: Tianjin Statistical Yearbook 2011
Foreign Trade
Major exports include machinery and transport equipment, related products by raw materials, chemicals and related products, mineral fuels, lubricants and related materials etc. Major export markets were the US, South Korea, Japan, Hong Kong and Germany.
Major imports were machinery & transport equipment. Major import sources were Korea, Japan the US and Germany.
Foreign Investment
Utilised foreign investment increased by 20.3% to US$10.8 billion in 2010. In 2010, 45.7% of the utilised FDI went to the manufacturing sector, 12% went to the transportation and storage sector.
FDI in Tianjin
| |
Cumulative at the end of 2010 |
| No. Of contracts |
22,2644 |
| Contracted amount (US$ bn) |
120.3 |
| Utilised amount (US$ bn) |
67.1 |
Source: Tianjin Statistical Yearbook 2011
Hong Kong is the leading investor in Tianjin. By the end of 2010, Hong Kong signed a total of 6,820 agreements with contractual investment amounted to US$47.4 billion, utilized investment amounted to US$24.5 billion. In 2010 alone, Hong Kong signed 222 agreements with contractual investment of US$7.7 billion, and utilized investment at US$4.5 billion. Other major sources of foreign investment included the US, Japan, BVI, Korea and Singapore.
Consumer Market
In 2010, Tianjin’s retail sales of consumer goods grew by 19.4% to RMB290.3 billion, annual per capita disposal income of urban households reached RMB24,293 (+13.5%).
Composition of Per Capita Expenditure of Urban Household (%)
| |
2000 |
2010 |
| Food |
40.1 |
35.9 |
| Clothing |
8.9 |
9.5 |
| Household facilities, articles & services |
11.8 |
6.8 |
| Medicine & medical services |
6.6 |
7.7 |
| Transportation & communications |
5.7 |
14.8 |
| Recreation, cultural & education |
12.9 |
11.5 |
| Residence |
9.2 |
9.8 |
Source: Tianjin Statistical Yearbook 2011
The function of wholesale trading markets has been strengthened. In recent years, more large-scale commercial establishments have been put into operation, such as Isetan and Wanxiang textile house.
Some international famous supermarket companies have established chain stores in Tianjin, which include Metro, Makro, Walmart, Osun and Trust-mart. Shanghai Lianhua, Jiangsu Suning, Beijing Gome and other domestic famous trade enterprises also set up supermarkets in Tianjin.
Binhai New Area
| Economic Indicators |
2010 |
Share in Tianjin (%) |
| Value |
Growth
(%, y-o-y) |
| Gross Domestic Product (RMB bn) |
503.0 |
25.1 # |
54.5 |
| Added Value Output |
|
|
|
| - Primary industry (RMB bn) |
0.8 |
1.1 # |
5.5 |
| - Secondary industry (RMB bn) |
343.3 |
26.0 # |
70.9 |
| - Tertiary industry (RMB bn) |
158.9 |
23.4 # |
37.5 |
| Gross Industrial Output (RMB bn) |
1,012.1 |
23.1 |
60.4 |
| Fixed-assets Investment (RMB bn) |
335.3 |
34.0 |
51.5 |
| Retail Sales (RMB bn) |
74.4 |
64.8 |
25.6 |
| Exports (US$ bn) |
23.3 |
18.0 |
62.1 |
| Utilised foreign Direct Investment (US$ bn) |
7.1 |
23.7 |
65.7 |
Notes: # In real terms
Source: Tianjin Statistical Yearbook 2011
Binhai New Area has a total developed area of 304 square kilometers. Total registered population stood at 2.5 million in 2010.
Binhai New Area is established in 1994, located to the east coastal area of Tianjin. The Area comprises three functional districts -- Tianjin Port, TEDA (Tianjin Economic Development Area), TPFTZ (Tianjin Port Free Tax Zone), and five administrative districts -- Tanggu District, Hanggu District, Dagang District, Wuxia Subdistrict of Dongli District and Gegu Town of Jinnan District.
In order to change the current development situation of “fast in the south, but slow in the north”, the Chinese government is determined to establish the Binhai New Area as the third economic hub, after Shenzhen and Shanghai Pudong, with a view to stimulate development in the northern part of the country.
The construction of infrastructure progressed quickly, especially for modern transport system construction, including Beijing-Tianjin Express Way, Beijing-Tianjin-Tanggu Express Way Second Line, Expansion of Tianjin Binhai Airport, widening construction of Tianjin Port etc.
